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When selecting the appropriate type of fire extinguisher, it is important to think about extinguishing agents. Each class of fire is best fought by a specific extinguishing agent. You will find a color-coded box on your fire extinguisher identifying which classes of fire it can be used for, and the type of fire extinguishing agent it contains.
The following is a list of commonly used fire extinguishing systems and their corresponding classes of fire. The classes are indicated in parentheses such as (A, B, C):
Multi-Purpose Dry Chemical (A, B, C, E)
A dry chemical agent called mono ammonium phosphate. The chemical is non-conductive and can be mildly corrosive if moisture is present. In order to avoid corrosion, it is necessary to scrub and thoroughly cleanup the contacted area once the fire is out. A dry chemical fire extinguisher is usually used in schools, general offices, hospitals, homes, etc.
Carbon Dioxide (B, C, E)
Carbon dioxide removes oxygen to stop a fire but has limited range. It is environmentally friendly and leaves no residue, so cleanup is unnecessary. Extinguishers with carbon dioxide are usually used in contamination-sensitive places such as computer rooms, labs, food storage areas, processing plants, etc.
Water (A)
The most common agent is water; however, it cannot be used for class B or C fires because it is conductive. Water-based fire extinguishers are usually used in stockrooms, schools, offices, etc.
|
Fuel Source |
Class of Fire |
Type of Extinguisher (Extinguishing Agent) |
|
Ordinary combustibles
(e.g. trash, wood, paper, cloth) |
A |
Water; chemical foam; dry chemical* |
|
Flammable liquids
(e.g. oils, grease, tar, gasoline, paints, thinners) |
B |
Carbon dioxide (CO2); halon**; dry chemical; aqueous film forming foam (AFFF) |
|
Electricity
(e.g. live electrical equipment) |
C |
CO2; halon; dry chemical |
|
Combustible metals
(e.g. magnesium, titanium) |
D |
Dry powder (suitable for the specific combustible metal involved) |
* Dry chemicals, CO2 and halon can be used on Class A fires, but may not be effective on their own. They need to be supplemented with water.
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